ESDU A-Z Index: DIH-DZ

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Dihedral
Full Span
contribution to rolling moment due to rolling, 85006
contribution to rolling moment due to sideslip, 00025, AERO A.06.01.03
contribution to rolling moment due to yawing, 72021
contribution to yawing moment and sideforce due to rolling, 85006
Part Span
contribution to rolling moment due to sideslip, 00025, AERO A.06.01.09
Dilatant Fluid
see
Non-Newtonian Fluids
Dimensional Analysis
see also
Dynamical Similarity
Demonstration of Technique, 73026
Diode Thermometer
see
Temperature Measurement
Diphenyl Ether/biphenyl Eutectic Solution
see also
Heat Pipes
Density
pressure and temperature variation for saturated gas and liquid, 80017
Dynamic Viscosity
pressure and temperature variation for saturated gas and liquid, 80017
temperature variation in liquid state, 66024
Kinematic Viscosity
temperature variation in liquid state, 66024
Specific Heat Capacity
pressure and temperature variation for saturated liquid, 80017
Specific Latent Heat of Vaporisation
pressure and temperature variation at saturation, 80017
Surface Tension
pressure and temperature variation at saturation, 80017
Thermal Conductivity
pressure and temperature variation for saturated liquid, 80017
Vapour Pressure
pressure and temperature variation at saturation, 80017
Diphyl
see
Diphenyl Ether/biphenyl Eutectic Solution
Direction Angles
Definitions in Aircraft Dynamics, 67037
Direct Lift
see
Spoilers
Discharge Coefficient
Compressible Flow Through Orifices
cylindrical tube or plate, 82009
Compressible Flow Through Perforated Plates, 82009
Steady, Spatially Non-Uniform Axial Compressible Flow Using Thermodynamically-Rigorous Approach
definition for calorically-perfect gas, 95011
definition for thermally-perfect gas, 97029
Discrete Frequency Noise
see
Propeller Noise
Turbomachinery Noise
Discs
see
Circular Plates
Flat Circular Plates
Heat Transfer
Viscometers
Disc Springs
Fatigue Strength of Steel
effect of initial load, 80004
effect of presetting, 80004
location of failure, 80004
Single Spring With Load Acting on Faces or Inside Edges
load-deflection characteristics, 78043
maximum stress, 78043
resilience, 78043
stiffness, 78043
stress at any perimeter, 78043
typical stress distribution across washer, 78043
Stacks (Irregular, Nested or Regular)
effect of friction and methods of minimising, 79010
load-deflection characteristics, 79010
stiffness, 79010
Disks
see
Circular Plates
Disc Springs
Flat Circular Plates
Heat Transfer
Viscometers
Disk Springs
see
Disc Springs
Displacement Flowmeters
Pressure Drop Across, 66030
Distilled Water
see also
Water
Effect on Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate
aluminium alloy sheet, 88007
aluminium-lithium plate, 91015
titanium and titanium alloy sheet, 90028
Distorted Flow
Modelling Steady Compressible Without Swirl by Equivalent One-Dimensional Flow Properties
for calorically-perfect gas, 95011
for thermally-perfect gas, 97029
Distribution
see
Statistics
Pressure Under Tyre Footprint on Wet Surface, TM 211
Dive Brakes
Centre of Pressure, 70015
Normal Force, 70015
Diverter
see
Boundary Layer Diverter
Doppler Effect
Change in Observed Frequency of Noise Due to Aircraft Velocity, 02020
Double Element Flaps
see also
Slotted Flaps
Contribution to Airframe Noise, 90023
Double Lock Nuts
Effect of Tolerances on Locking, 14002
Effect of Vibration on Loss of Bolt Pre-Load, 14002
comparison with single nut, 14002
Effect on Fatigue of Bolted Connections, 14002
Explanation of Locking Mechanism, 14002
Double-Pipe Heat Exchangers
see also
Heat Exchangers
Detailed Cost Data for Various Fluids as Function of Heat Load and Operating Pressure, 92013
use in selection of heat exchanger type for given duty, 92013
Double-Slotted Flaps
see
Slotted Flaps
Double-Wedge Sections
Aerofoils
aerodynamic centre, lift, lift-curve slope, pitching moment and wave drag, AERO W.S.00.03.04
Dynamic Response to Turbulence and Wind
see
Response of Buildings and Structures
Response of Buildings and Structures To Atmospheric Turbulence
Response of Buildings and Structures To Vortex Shedding
Mean Forces and Moments Due to Wind or Other Fluid Flows
see
Overturning Moment on Surface-Mounted Structures
Profile Drag
Wings
wave drag, 71018, 75004
Double-Wedge Section Wings
Wave Drag, 71018, 75004
Downwash
Average Angle at Tailplane in Attached Flow in Free Air With Flaps Deployed
effect of compressibility, 97021
effects of flap, tail and wing geometry, 97021
increment due to flap deflection, 97021
Average Angle at Tailplane in Attached Flow in Free Air With Flaps Undeployed
effect of compressibility, 80020
effect of nacelles, 80020
effects of tail and wing geometry, 80020
values at zero lift, 80020
Example of Procedure in Calculation of Effects of Propeller Slipstream on Horizontal Tailplane Flow-field, TM 193
Increment in Angle Due to Ground Effect, 72023
Induced Angle of Attack Due to (Section 4.7), 73012
Mean angle of downwash at tailplane, change of downwash at tailplane, 15001, TM 190
Wind-tunnel measurement of average downwash angle at the tailplane (Section 7.1.2), 97021
Dowtherm A
see
Diphenyl Ether/biphenyl Eutectic Solution
Drag
see also
Base Drag (without Blowing or Jet Efflux)
Base Drag with Central Propulsive Jet
Boundary Layer Lift Dependent Drag
Cavities
Excrescences
Impingement Drag
Inoperative Engine
Interference Wave Drag
Intrinsic Momentum Drag
Leading-Edge Suction
Leaks
Lift Dependent Drag
Longitudinal Force
Magnification of Excrescence Drag By Pressure Gradient
One-Dimensional Flow
Optimum Wave Drag
Pre-Entry Drag
Pressure Drag
Profile Drag
Skin Friction Drag
Spillage Drag
Standard Momentum Drag
Trailing Vortex Drag
Wave Drag
Windmilling Engines
Windmilling Propellers
Aerofoil Design for Minimum (Multivariable Gradient Search Using CFD Codes)
example optimising camber line shape and high-lift device deflections, 99021
example optimising camber line shape or high-lift device deflections, 99020
example optimising high-lift device deflections on combat aircraft section, 00022, 00023
example optimising surface shape and high-lift device deflections, 01024
introduction to method, 99019
Aerofoils
bibliography of data at high subsonic speeds TD Memo. 6407 (Catalogue 1)
calculation using viscous-coupled method near separation at transonic speeds, 92008
comparison of results from VGK with results from other theories and experiment, 96028
comparisons against RAE 5225 aerofoil for program in 2D mode, 13013
design of GUNACA-series for low drag over a range of lift coefficient, 99003
effect of leading- or trailing-edge sealed control or flap deflection, 96028, 96029
estimation at supersonic speeds, AERO W.S.00.03.03, AERO W.S.00.03.05
estimation in viscous subsonic or transonic flow using VGK, 96028, 96029
estimation of minimum for cambered or uncambered with fixed transition, 00027
geometric and inviscid flow characteristics of some NACA 6-series designed for low drag, 99003
program to predict minimum for subcritical speeds, 06020
Aircraft
conditions for minimum, 81026
discussion of factors affecting, 81026
increment due to ground effect, 72023
representation by simple law for performance calculations, 81026
trim due to inoperative engine or other asymmetry, 88006
variation with Mach number and lift for typical aircraft, 81026
Aircraft Tyres Running in Slush or Water
see also
Skin Friction Drag
aircraft tests on water-covered runways, TM 165, TM 192
fluid drag force under tyre footprint, TM 211
multiple tyre undercarriage, 11004
single tyre, 05011, 10015
Braking Parachutes, 85029
Compatibility of Definition With Thrust Definition
propeller-powered aircraft, 85015, 85017
turbo-fan and turbo-jet powered aircraft, 69006, 81024, 84004
Concept and Preliminary Design Examples of Applying Rapid Aerodynamic Analysis Tools to Three Classic Historical Configurations Designed to Similar Requirements, TM 207
Conical or Blunted Conical Forebodies in Supersonic Flow
foredrag, 68021
Cowls
estimation at subsonic speeds, 81024
Estimation by Consideration of Component Contributions
choice and use of datum conditions, 97016
examples of possible component break downs, 97016
longitudinal trim drag and choice of datum, 97016
profile drag and contributions to it, 97016
propulsion system contributions, 97016
sources of data in ESDU Data Items, 97016
trailing vortex drag, 97016
various methodologies, 97016
wave drag, 97016
Estimation of Effect of Small Changes on Level Speed, 86004
Estimation of Effect of Small Changes on Rate Of Climb, 94039
Flaps
see
Flaps
Interference
Jet/flap Interference
Flush Intakes
NACA convergent-divergent planform, 86002
rectangular planform, 03006, 86002
Introduction to Data Items on Effect of High-Lift Devices on, 97002
Propeller Slipstream Effects on
check list of contributory components, 85017
discussion of applicability of method for predicting increment on body, 86017
discussion of buoyancy and local velocity increments, 85015, 85017
estimation of increment on body with pusher or tractor propeller, 86017
Scoop Intakes Immersed in Boundary Layer
with or without boundary layer diverter, 86002
Similarity Laws at Subsonic or Supersonic Speeds
applied to coefficient in axisymmetric flow, 97025
Similarity Laws at Subsonic, Supersonic or Transonic Speeds
applied to coefficient in two- or three-dimensional flow, 97025
Slender Wings
increment due to ground effect, 71007
Spoiler (Perforated or Solid) Deflected at Low Speed in Free Air
estimation of induced and profile contributions, 96026
Spoiler (Solid) Deflected at Low Speed in Ground Effect
estimation of increment due to, 76026
Thrust-drag Accounting From Flight Test Data, 16003
Two Staggered Lifting Surfaces Trimmed With Given Static Margin
program for calculation, 81023
Vane Vortex Generators to Control Shock-Induced Separation
consideration of contribution with worked example for co-rotating, 93024
Wings
calculation of contributions of typical excrescences (and fit/sealing) on transport aircraft, 93032
increment due to underwing efflux interference, 82034
M151 forward-swept wing, 13013
relative importance of typical excrescences (and fit/sealing) on transport aircraft, 93032
use of simple sweep rules in drag estimation, 97016
use of strip theory in drag estimation, 97016
validation against RAE Model W4, 13013
validation of sectional drag against swept-panel model, 13013
Drag-Creep
Supercritical TD Memo. 6407
Drag Rise
see also
Drag-Rise Mach Number
Aerofoils
discussion of origins, 90008
Transonic
rectangular wings, AERO W.S.02.03.09
zero lift, AERO A.02.03.02, AERO A.S.02.03.01
Drag-Rise Mach Number
Aerofoils
method of estimation TD Memo. 6407
Aerofoils Designed for Given Values, 71020
influence of design parameters, 71020
Aerofoils With Roof-Top Pressure Distribution
adaptation of charts to three-dimensions, 72027
charts and design principles, 71019
Aerofoils With Supercritical Pressure Distribution, 78010
Bumpy or Smooth Bodies of Revolution With or Without Fins
method of estimation, 74013
Cowls
estimation, 81024
Drift-Flux
see
Two-Phase (Gas- or Vapour-Liquid) Flow
Drooped Leading-Edge
see
Leading-Edge High-Lift Devices
Dry-Out
see
Boiling Flow in Pipes
Dry Rubbing Bearings
see also
Contact Phenomena
Polymers
Self-Contained Bearing Assemblies
Advantages and Limitations of Various Materials
carbon, polymer, thermoset, solid lubricant impregnated metal, 87007
Choice of Proportions, 87007
Comparison of Load/Speed Performance With That of Alternative Bearing Types, 87007
Database of Materials Properties, 96015
use of alternative databases in materials selection program, 96015
Dynamic Friction Coefficient for Various Materials, 87007
sketches of typical behaviour with load and speed, 89044
Effect of Intermittent Operation on Material Choice, 87007
Estimation of Bearing Life and Wear Rate for Various Materials, 87007, 96015
Estimation of Bedding-In Wear, 87007
Estimation of Clearance Necessary
effect of temperature and water absorption, 87007
Estimation of Rubbing Surface Temperature, 87007
Installation, 87007
Materials Manufacturers and Relative Materials Costs, 87007
Materials Properties
carbon, polymer, thermoset, solid lubricant impregnated metal, 87007
Mating Materials and Requirements for Their Surface Finish, 87007
Maximum Rubbing Speed and Temperature Capability for Various Materials, 87007
Permissible Pressure/Temperature Performance of Various Materials, 87007
Program for Material Selection or Performance Analysis of Known Material, 96015
Resistance to Specific Environments of Various Materials
acid, alkali, oil, radiation, vacuum, water, 87007
Selection Procedure for Best Material in Given Application, 96015
carbon, polymer, thermoset, solid lubricant impregnated metal, 87007
Thermal Conductivity of Various Materials, 87007
D-Sections
see also
Beams in General
Beams of Any Hollow or Solid Polygonal Section
Planar Shapes and Sections With/without Holes
Struts in General
Shear Centre, STRUCT 00.06.05
Ducted Forebody
Wave Drag
see
Cowls
Ductile Materials
Failure Prediction in Loaded Contacts, 84017, 85007
Yielding Criteria
three-dimensional stress systems, 73004
two-dimensional stress systems, 73004, STRUCT 02.00.00
Ducts
Flow in
see
Pipes with Internal Flow
Linings to Reduce Noise
see
Acoustic Absorption Coefficient
Acoustic Impedance
Noise in Air-Conditioning Duct Systems
Noise/sound Propagation
Sound Radiation From Open End
see
Noise Prediction for Aerospace Sources
Duplex Stainless Steels
Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate
see also
Crack Propagation
characteristic slopes of plots against stress intensity factor, 84003
effect of alloy composition, 84003
effect of heat treatment, 84003
effect of mean stress (or stress ratio), 84003
Dutch Roll
Approximate Solution, 83024
comparison with full solution for particular aircraft, 83024
Discussion of Desirable Characteristics
for good aircraft handling qualities, 92006
Discussion of Origin and Characteristics, 86021
Effect of Control Augmentation, 83024
Effect of Idealised Yaw Damper, 83024
Requirements for Minimum Values of Damping and Frequency
for military aircraft handling, according to aircraft class and flight phase, 92006
Dynamical Similarity
Non-Dimensional Parameters
for flow about bodies, 71012
for response of bodies, 77032, 79025
Dynamic Hydroplaning
see
Planing of Aircraft Tyres
Dynamic Overswing
Effect of Elasticity on Acceleration Due to Gusts
simple treatment, 69023
Dynamic Pressure
see also
Impact Pressure
Kinetic Pressure
Total Pressure Coefficient
Definition, AERO S.00.03.06
Dynamic Response of Buildings, Structures and Structural Elements
see
Response of Buildings and Structures
Response of Buildings and Structures To Atmospheric Turbulence
Response of Buildings and Structures To Vortex Shedding
Response of Lightweight Structures
Dynamics of Aircraft
see
Aerodynamic Loading
Ailerons
Attitude Angles
Axes Systems in Aircraft Dynamics and Performance
Control Systems
Direction Angles
Dutch Roll
Dynamic Stability
Equations of Motion
Handling Qualities
Incidence Angles
Lateral Stability and Response
Linear Systems
Longitudinal Stability and Response
Non-Linear Systems
Notation
Parameter Identification
Rolling
Rudder
Sampled-Data Systems
Static Aeroelasticity
Dynamic Stability
see also
Equations of Motion
Lateral Stability and Response
Linear Systems
Longitudinal Stability and Response
Non-Linear Systems
Pitch-Break (Pitch-Up or Pitch-Down)
Rolling
Rotors
Struts in General
Linear Systems
from Bode diagram, 74021
from Nichols chart, 74021
from Nyquist diagram, 74021
from one- or two-parameter stability diagram, 74020
from root-locus diagram, 74020
from roots of characteristic equation, 74019, 86021
from Routh-Hurwitz criteria, 74019, 86021
Dynamic Viscosity
Conversion Factors, 68036, 81002, CF2, FMI1
Liquids
effect of pressure and temperature on, 68036
general discussion, 68036
Typical Values for Mineral Oils, 71003, 85027, 89045, 94017, 94020
Typical Values for Petroleum Products, 71003
effect of pressure, 71003
Typical Values for Synthetic Lubricants, 85027, 89045, 94020
Typical Values of Pressure Exponent for Mineral and Synthetic Lubricants, 85027, 89045, 94020

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